Idan manufofin da aka sanya a cikin rage fitowar CO2 sun cika Za mu iya ganin raguwa mai yawa a cikin lissafin wutar lantarki a gidajenmu har zuwa 55%.
Wannan saboda karfi girma a cikin bukatar lantarki, wanda, wanda aka samo daga tsarin samar da wutar lantarki da aka riga ya zama dole don cimma burin decarbonization, na iya ba da dadewa da ake jira rage yawan wutar lantarki na 35% ta 2030 kuma har zuwa 55% a 2050, a cewar Lura da rahoton Deloitte.
Hakanan, kodayake babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali ga rage hayakin CO2 shine bangaren sufuri, amfani da zafi da ake amfani dashi a cikin gida Su ma maɓalli ne a cikin tsari.
Alberto Amores, abokin tarayya a Monitor Deloitte, ya ce yayin gabatar da wannan binciken:
"Ba wajibi ne kan kamfanoni ko gwamnati kadai ba, gidaje suma dole ne su ba da gudummawarsu, ganin cewa gine-gine (masu zama da ayyuka) na wakiltar wani muhimmin bangare na makamashin da ake fitarwa a kasar."
Don fahimtar shi da kyau, hanya mai sauƙi don bayyana shi ita ce matsakaicin matsakaicin gida zai iya rage yawan kuzari da kashi 40%.
Hanyoyin cimma wannan na iya haɗawa da cikakkiyar gyare-gyare ko, a madadin, amfani da famfo mai zafi na lantarki, wanda zai kasance. sau hudu mai rahusa fiye da gyarawa.
Yanayin gaba: Yaya za a rage fitar da CO2?
Rahoton da aka ambata a sama ya kafa abubuwa har guda huɗu daban-daban na shekaru masu zuwa:
- Mai ci gaba
- Lantarki tattalin arziki
- Ragewar al'ada
- Babban ingancin wutar lantarki
Mafi girman buri da tasiri labari shine abin da ake kira "High Electric Efficiency" wanda, godiya ga wani babban electrification na tattalin arziki da kuma tsanani ayyuka a makamashi yadda ya dace, shi ne kawai wanda zai iya saduwa da decarbonization raga kafa a Turai.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin yanayin "High Electric Efficiency" shine, ko da yake yana buƙatar zuba jari na farko da ya fi girma fiye da yanayin "ci gaba", a cikin dogon lokaci. take kaiwa ga gagarumin tanadi a cikin shigo da mai, wanda aka kiyasta kusan 380.000 miliyan kudin Tarayyar Turai.
Rahoton Deloitte Monitor ya nuna cewa, duk da mafi girman saka hannun jari a yanayin da zai dore, hakan na iya zama mai rahusa a cikin jimlar farashin fiye da ci gaba da samfurin na yanzu.
Musamman, an kiyasta cewa yanayin "Haɓaka ƙarfin lantarki" yana wakiltar jimlar Yuro miliyan 510.000 na saka hannun jari tsakanin 2017 da 2050, idan aka kwatanta da miliyan 200.000 a cikin yanayin ci gaba.
Tasirin farashin CO2 akan lissafin wutar lantarki
CO2 watsi ba kawai yana da tasirin muhalli ba, har ma yana tasiri kai tsaye farashin da muke biya don wutar lantarki. Wannan mahada saboda hukuncin da Tarayyar Turai ta kafa dangane da hayakin da ake samu ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin makamashi kamar gawayi, mai ko iskar gas.
Yin amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya yana haifar da ƙarin farashi ga ƙasashen da ke ci gaba da amfani da su, tun da suna samar da adadi mai yawa na CO2. Wannan tsari yana nuna ƙarin farashi wanda ke nunawa a lissafin masu amfani.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, farashin kowace ton na CO2 ya zarce ya canza, ya kai Yuro 45 a kowace tan, wanda zai iya ƙara farashin daftari ta Yuro 15 a cikin wata daya.
Yawancin makamashin da ake amfani da su, ƙananan farashin lissafin wutar lantarki., tun da waɗannan kafofin ba sa fitar da hayaki iri ɗaya kuma ba a fuskantar hukunci iri ɗaya ba.
Hanyoyin makamashi don rage fitar da CO2
A cikin yaƙi da hayaƙin CO2, zaɓin hanyoyin samar da makamashi na taka muhimmiyar rawa. Abubuwan da ake sabunta su kamar hasken rana, iska da makamashin lantarki suna da ƙaramin sawun carbon idan aka kwatanta da makamashin burbushin halittu, yana mai da su ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu ɗorewa.
- Hasken rana: Samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar hasken rana ba ya fitar da CO2 yayin da yake aiki, kasancewa daya daga cikin mafi kyawun yanayi.
- Ikon iska: Kamar hasken rana, makamashin iska yana canza makamashin motsin iska zuwa wutar lantarki ba tare da haifar da hayaki mai mahimmanci ba.
- Hydroelectric ikon: Tashoshin wutar lantarki na samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da makamashin ruwa, tare da karancin tasirin muhalli da hayaki.
- Biomass: Konewa mai sarrafawa na biomass na iya zama tsaka tsaki na carbon, tunda kayan da aka yi amfani da su suna shan CO2 yayin girma.
A fannin makamashin nukiliya, ko da yake ba ya fitar da CO2 a lokacin samar da wutar lantarki, yana haifar da gagarumin kalubale ta fuskar tsaro da sarrafa shara.
Matakan rage fitar da hayaki a gida
Ba kamfanoni da hukumomi kaɗai ke da alhakin rage hayaƙin CO2 ba. Hakanan gidaje suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari kuma kowannenmu zai iya ɗaukar matakai don haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari da rage sawun carbon ɗin mu.
Wasu matakai mafi inganci sun haɗa da:
- Ingantattun na'urori: Maye gurbin tsofaffin na'urori da sababbi, ingantattun samfura na iya rage yawan amfani da kuzari.
- Warewar thermal: Inganta rufin gida yana taimakawa kula da yanayin cikin gida tare da ƙarancin buƙata don dumama ko kwandishan, rage duka biyun amfani da hayaki.
- Amfani da fitilun LED: Irin wannan hasken yana cinye har zuwa 80% ƙasa da makamashi fiye da kwararan fitila na gargajiya kuma yana da tsawon rayuwa.
- Masu amfani da hasken rana: Shigar da hasken rana don amfani da kai yana ba ku damar samar da wutar lantarki mai tsabta, ba tare da hayaki ba kuma tare da tasiri mai kyau akan lissafin wutar lantarki.
Yin amfani da famfunan zafi na lantarki da sauran ci-gaba na fasahar zafi na iya rage tasirin muhallin gida sosai, wanda zai ba da damar rage amfani da fiye da kashi 40% a lokuta da dama.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, motsi mai dorewa kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. A duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya fi dacewa don zaɓar jigilar jama'a ko raba motoci, wanda ba kawai rage yawan hayaƙi ba, har ma yana da tasiri mai kyau akan jimillar kuɗin makamashi.
Jimlar ƙananan ayyuka na iya yin babban bambanci, ƙyale duka tanadi akan lissafin wutar lantarki da kuma ba da gudummawa ga rage yawan iskar CO2.
Yin la'akari da mahimmancin rage hayaki a matakin duniya, ƙoƙarin gida yana haɗuwa tare da canje-canje a cikin manufofin makamashi na kasa da kasa don ci gaba da cimma nasarar manufofin decarbonization.
Juya zuwa makamashi mai tsafta da sabuntawa ba kawai wani yanayi ba ne, amma wajibi ne don tabbatar da ci gaba mai dorewa.