Ƙirƙirar makamashin lantarki tare da hanyoyin sabuntawa a Nicaragua ya ci gaba sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A halin yanzu, kasar tana samun ci gaba 53% na kuzarinka daga tushen sabuntawa. Duk da haka, shekarar 2017 ta yi wani muhimmin ci gaba lokacin da, a cewar Ministan Makamashi da Ma'adinai (MEN), Salvador Mansell, wasu kwanaki ana iya samar da har zuwa 84% na makamashi tare da sabunta kafofin.
Wannan yana nuna babban damar da Nicaragua ke da shi tsabta kuzari da kuma yadda kasar ke cin gajiyar albarkatunta. A cikin watanni tare da mafi kyawun yanayi, irin su Maris, Afrilu da Nuwamba, duk wuraren aikin iska na kasar suna aiki da kashi 100 cikin XNUMX, wanda, tare da makamashin lantarki, yana ƙara yawan makamashi mai tsabta.
Mansell ya kara da cewa, "Lokacin da yanayin yanayi ya ba da damar sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi a matsakaicin iya aiki, ana ba su fifiko a cikin aikin hanyar sadarwa, kuma wannan shine. key a gudanar da kasuwar makamashi«. A cikin wannan shekara, an lura cewa, a cikin yanayi mafi kyau, wasu hanyoyin samar da makamashi na daidaikun mutane sun kai ga mafi girman ƙarfinsu, suna haɓaka gudummawar makamashi mai sabuntawa.
A zahiri, Mansell bai yanke hukuncin cewa Nicaragua na iya kaiwa kwanakin da suka gabata ba 85% sabunta makamashi. A wannan shekara, an kaddamar da wata sabuwar tashar samar da hasken rana mai karfin megawatt 12 a Puerto Sandino, wani mataki daya na bunkasa hanyoyin samar da makamashin kasar.
Wani muhimmin al'amari da gwamnati ta bayyana shi ne amfani da shi thermal tsara a matsayin ajiyar ranakun da mafi kyawun iska, rana ko yanayin ruwan sama ba a kai ba. Don haka, Nicaragua na tabbatar da ci gaba da samar da wutar lantarki ga al'ummarta.
A cikin 2016, Nicaragua ta rufe da 53% tsararraki tsara daga makamashi masu sabuntawa, kuma an tsara manufar haɓaka wannan adadi a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
Maganar Makamashi Mai Sabuntawar Duniya
Nicaragua na ci gaba da kasancewa daya daga cikin misalan da aka fi kawowa a kasashen duniya dangane da amfani da makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa. A cikin 2017, Gidauniyar Haƙiƙanin Yanayi, wanda tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka, Al Gore ya kirkira, ya sanya Nicaragua tare da Sweden da Costa Rica a matsayin ƙasashen da ke kan gaba don samun makamashi mai tsabta.
Tsakanin 2007 da 2014, yawan makamashin da ake sabuntawa a Nicaragua ya karu daga 27.5% zuwa 52%, wanda ya kafa misali don kiyaye wannan haɓakar haɓaka. Manufar gwamnati ita ce cimma wani buri Ƙirƙirar 90% tare da kuzarin da za a iya sabuntawa nan da 2020, bisa ga jama'a, masu zaman kansu da ayyukan zuba jari masu gauraye waɗanda ke bambanta matrix makamashi.
Daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da kasar Nicaragua ta samu ita ce ta kara yawan megawatts 180 ga karfinta na makamashi sakamakon ayyukan iskar da ake amfani da su, da samar da wutar lantarki da makamashin hasken rana tsakanin shekarar 2007 zuwa 2013, wani muhimmin taimako wajen biyan bukatun makamashin kasar.
Energyarfin iska a Nicaragua
Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, a cikin 2016, Nicaragua's National Interconnected System (SIN) ya ruwaito cewa kashi 53% na samar da wutar lantarki sun fito ne daga sabunta kafofin. A cikin wannan kashi, tsire-tsire na iska sun ba da gudummawar kashi 31%, wanda ya sa su zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samar da makamashi a cikin ƙasa.
Ayyukan makamashi na iska mai alama kamar Amayo I da Amayo II, waɗanda ke cikin sashin Rivas kuma ƙungiyar Kanada Amayo SA ke gudanarwa, tare suna samar da kusa da Megawatts 63. Za a ƙara wannan yuwuwar tare da shukar photovoltaic na Puerto Sandino, wanda shine kawai babban shuka wanda ke haɗa hasken rana zuwa grid.
Kodayake makamashin da aka samar ta hanyar hasken rana A Nicaragua yana da mahimmanci, ana amfani dashi galibi don cin abinci da kansa a ƙauye da yankuna masu nisa, inda yake ba da damar ingantacciyar rayuwa ga al'ummomi.
Ya zuwa watan Disamba na wannan shekara, gwamnati ta ba da shawarar cimma kashi 94% na wutar lantarki a fadin kasar, da nufin kaiwa ga nasara. 99% ɗaukar hoto a cikin 2021, wani muhimmin ci gaba mai mahimmanci ga ƙasa mai tasowa kamar Nicaragua.
Bambance-bambancen hanyoyin sabuntawa
El Tumarín hydroelectric macroproject, wanda ke cikin Kudancin Caribbean na Nicaragua, ya ci gaba da ci gaba. Ana hasashen cewa da zarar an kammala, wannan aikin zai samar Megawatts 253 kari ga tsarin wutar lantarki na kasar, wanda ke karfafa kudurin ta na samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa.
César Zamora, manajan kamfanin IC Power, ya tuna da matsalar samar da wutar lantarki da Nicaragua ta fuskanta kafin 2007. Gabatar da wutar lantarki Dokar Haɓaka Samar da Wutar Lantarki tare da Sabunta Tushen ya taimaka wajen shawo kan wannan rikici, tare da karfafa ayyukan zuba jari da suka kara karfin makamashin kasar.
Zamora ya bayyana cewa, daga cikin ayyukan da suka fi wakilta akwai tasoshin iska da ke samarwa Megawatts 180, da kuma San Jacinto-Tizate geothermal complex, tare da ƙarin megawatts 70. Bugu da kari, an kara yawan megawatts 50 daga kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki kamar su Larreynaga da El Diamante, da kuma biomass wanda ke ƙara 30 megawatts zuwa grid.
Saka hannun jari na kasashen waje a cikin makamashi mai sabuntawa
Jahosca López, jami'in gudanarwa na ofishin Renewable Association na Nicaragua, ya jaddada cewa haɓakar sabbin kuzari a cikin ƙasar ya samo asali ne saboda manufofin gwamnati da ke sauƙaƙe zuba jari na kasa da waje.
La Dokar Haɓaka Samar da Wutar Lantarki tare da Sabunta Tushen, wanda aka yi wa kwaskwarima a watan Yuni 2015, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ba da gudummawar kudi da tattalin arziki ga ayyukan da ke sha'awar bunkasa hanyoyin da za a iya sabuntawa. Hakan ya bai wa Jihar damar jawo hankalin masu zuba jari, wanda hakan ya ba da damar rage farashin wutar lantarki ga masu amfani da shi.
Bugu da ƙari, ci gaban fasaha ya ba da damar hanzarta aiwatar da waɗannan ayyuka. Wasu ci gaba na baya-bayan nan sun mayar da hankali kan ƙirƙirar tsire-tsire masu amfani da hasken rana, kamar waɗanda ke cikin Sébaco da Malpaisillo, waɗanda za su ba da gudummawa a kusa. Megawatts 150 ƙari a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ƙarfafa aikin Nicaragua a matsayin jagora a cikin makamashi mai tsabta.
Hanyar samun makamashi mai dorewa a Nicaragua ba wai kawai ta haifar da fa'idodin muhalli ba, har ma da haɓakar wutar lantarki, wanda ya inganta rayuwar dubban mutanen Nicaragua waɗanda a baya ba su sami damar yin amfani da waɗannan ayyuka ba.